はじめに
whois コマンドでは status も確認できるらしいことを学んだので試してみました。
$ whois dev.invalid |grep -i status status: ACTIVE Domain Status: clientHold https://icann.org/epp#clientHold
出典：Amazon Route 53 に登録したドメインの名前解決が出来たり出来なかったりします。端末によっては dig コマンドの結果に IP アドレスが返ってきません。 | Developers.IO
試してみた
$ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install whois $ whois --version Version 5.3.0. Report bugs to <md+whois@linux.it>.
教育用ドメインとして有名な example.com を表示してみます。
$ whois example.com
Domain Name: EXAMPLE.COM
Registry Domain ID: 2336799_DOMAIN_COM-VRSN
Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.iana.org
Registrar URL: http://res-dom.iana.org
Updated Date: 2019-08-14T07:04:41Z
Creation Date: 1995-08-14T04:00:00Z
Registry Expiry Date: 2020-08-13T04:00:00Z
Registrar: RESERVED-Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Registrar IANA ID: 376
Registrar Abuse Contact Email:
Registrar Abuse Contact Phone:
Domain Status: clientDeleteProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientDeleteProhibited
Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited
Domain Status: clientUpdateProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientUpdateProhibited
Name Server: A.IANA-SERVERS.NET
Name Server: B.IANA-SERVERS.NET
DNSSEC: signedDelegation
DNSSEC DS Data: 31589 8 1 3490A6806D47F17A34C29E2CE80E8A999FFBE4BE
DNSSEC DS Data: 31589 8 2 CDE0D742D6998AA554A92D890F8184C698CFAC8A26FA59875A990C03E576343C
DNSSEC DS Data: 43547 8 1 B6225AB2CC613E0DCA7962BDC2342EA4F1B56083
DNSSEC DS Data: 43547 8 2 615A64233543F66F44D68933625B17497C89A70E858ED76A2145997EDF96A918
DNSSEC DS Data: 31406 8 1 189968811E6EBA862DD6C209F75623D8D9ED9142
DNSSEC DS Data: 31406 8 2 F78CF3344F72137235098ECBBD08947C2C9001C7F6A085A17F518B5D8F6B916D
URL of the ICANN Whois Inaccuracy Complaint Form: https://www.icann.org/wicf/
>>> Last update of whois database: 2020-04-11T23:52:58Z <<<
For more information on Whois status codes, please visit https://icann.org/epp
NOTICE: The expiration date displayed in this record is the date the
registrar's sponsorship of the domain name registration in the registry is
currently set to expire. This date does not necessarily reflect the expiration
date of the domain name registrant's agreement with the sponsoring
registrar. Users may consult the sponsoring registrar's Whois database to
view the registrar's reported date of expiration for this registration.
TERMS OF USE: You are not authorized to access or query our Whois
database through the use of electronic processes that are high-volume and
automated except as reasonably necessary to register domain names or
modify existing registrations; the Data in VeriSign Global Registry
Services' ("VeriSign") Whois database is provided by VeriSign for
information purposes only, and to assist persons in obtaining information
about or related to a domain name registration record. VeriSign does not
guarantee its accuracy. By submitting a Whois query, you agree to abide
by the following terms of use: You agree that you may use this Data only
for lawful purposes and that under no circumstances will you use this Data
to: (1) allow, enable, or otherwise support the transmission of mass
unsolicited, commercial advertising or solicitations via e-mail, telephone,
or facsimile; or (2) enable high volume, automated, electronic processes
that apply to VeriSign (or its computer systems). The compilation,
repackaging, dissemination or other use of this Data is expressly
prohibited without the prior written consent of VeriSign. You agree not to
use electronic processes that are automated and high-volume to access or
query the Whois database except as reasonably necessary to register
domain names or modify existing registrations. VeriSign reserves the right
to restrict your access to the Whois database in its sole discretion to ensure
operational stability. VeriSign may restrict or terminate your access to the
Whois database for failure to abide by these terms of use. VeriSign
reserves the right to modify these terms at any time.
The Registry database contains ONLY .COM, .NET, .EDU domains and
Registrars.
% IANA WHOIS server
% for more information on IANA, visit http://www.iana.org
% This query returned 1 object
domain: EXAMPLE.COM
organisation: Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
created: 1992-01-01
source: IANA
status でフィルタしてみます。
$ whois example.com | grep -i status Domain Status: clientDeleteProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientDeleteProhibited Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited Domain Status: clientUpdateProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientUpdateProhibited For more information on Whois status codes, please visit https://icann.org/epp
それぞれ、次の意味を表すそうです。
| Status | Description |
|---|---|
| clientDeleteProhibited | レジストリへドメイン名を削除する要求を拒否することを示します。 |
| clientTransferProhibited | レジストリに現在のレジストラから別のレジストラにドメインを転送するリクエストを拒否するように指示します。 |
| clientUpdateProhibited | レジストリにドメイン名を更新する要求を拒否するように指示します。 |
教育用ドメインなので、さまざまなロックがかけられているようですね。
参考：Whois情報で表示されるステータスの内容を教えてください
$ whois google.com | grep -i status Domain Status: clientDeleteProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientDeleteProhibited Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited Domain Status: clientUpdateProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientUpdateProhibited Domain Status: serverDeleteProhibited https://icann.org/epp#serverDeleteProhibited Domain Status: serverTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#serverTransferProhibited Domain Status: serverUpdateProhibited https://icann.org/epp#serverUpdateProhibited For more information on Whois status codes, please visit https://icann.org/epp Domain Status: clientUpdateProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#clientUpdateProhibited) Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited) Domain Status: clientDeleteProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#clientDeleteProhibited) Domain Status: serverUpdateProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#serverUpdateProhibited) Domain Status: serverTransferProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#serverTransferProhibited) Domain Status: serverDeleteProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#serverDeleteProhibited) For more information on WHOIS status codes, please visit: https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/epp-status-codes
もっとたくさんのロックがかかっていますね・・・。
とくに何もしていない場合だと日本経済新聞のドメインがありました。
$ whois nikkei.net | grep -i status Domain Status: ok https://icann.org/epp#ok For more information on Whois status codes, please visit https://icann.org/epp Domain Status: ok https://icann.org/epp#ok For more information on Whois status codes, please visit https://icann.org/epp
co.jp（JPRS管轄）の場合は "Connected" しかでないようです。
$ whois google.co.jp [ JPRS database provides information on network administration. Its use is ] [ restricted to network administration purposes. For further information, ] [ use 'whois -h whois.jprs.jp help'. To suppress Japanese output, add'/e' ] [ at the end of command, e.g. 'whois -h whois.jprs.jp xxx/e'. ] Domain Information: a. [Domain Name] GOOGLE.CO.JP g. [Organization] Google Japan l. [Organization Type] corporation m. [Administrative Contact] DL152JP n. [Technical Contact] TW124137JP p. [Name Server] ns1.google.com p. [Name Server] ns2.google.com p. [Name Server] ns3.google.com p. [Name Server] ns4.google.com s. [Signing Key] [State] Connected (2021/03/31) [Registered Date] 2001/03/22 [Connected Date] 2001/03/22 [Last Update] 2020/04/01 01:06:18 (JST)
co.jp の場合は使い方がちょっと特殊。
$ whois -h whois.jprs.jp help
<JPRS WHOIS HELP>
1. JPRS WHOIS database includes the following type of information in
Japan:
TYPE Description
----------------------------------------------------------
DOM Domain Information
HOST Host Information
CONTACT Contact Information [only for Organization-type .JP domain names]
2. How to get the information:
STRING Broad search over the all types (if available)
To restrict the search to a certain type of information:
TYPE STRING See above for types of information
To obtain related information:
^STRING Displays the information that refers the STRING [only for .JP domain names]
3. Use of the information you obtain from JPRS WHOIS is restricted to
a purely network operation purposes.
=======================================================================
*Notice* If you had an intention to search for gTLD domain-related
information and see this message, it is possible that JPRS WHOIS wasn't
the right server to specify. In that case, you might be able to re-try
your search via InterNIC WHOIS.
おわりに
- whois コマンドで ドメインの Status を知ることができることを学びました
- ドメインによってロックのかけ方がさまざまあることを学びました
- co.jp の場合は whois データベースの一部情報しか取得できないことを学びました
whois コマンドって便利なんですね。
